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Bandhani, also known as Bandhej, is a traditional tie and dye craft that originated in the Indian subcontinent, particularly in the regions of Gujarat and Rajasthan. The term "Bandhani" is derived from the Sanskrit word "bandh," which means "to tie."
In Bandhani, small portions of fabric are tied tightly with threads at various points,
creating intricate patterns or designs. These tied portions resist the dye when the fabric is immersed in colorful dyes, resulting in beautiful patterns once the threads are removed. The designs can vary from simple dots to elaborate motifs, and the colors used are typically vibrant and eye-catching.

Bandhani is often practiced on fabrics like cotton, silk, and chiffon, and it's used to
create sarees, dupattas (scarves), turbans, and other traditional garments. It's a
labor-intensive process that requires skilled craftsmanship, as artisans must
meticulously tie each knot to achieve the desired pattern.
This craft holds cultural significance and is often associated with celebrations and
festivals, such as weddings and religious ceremonies. It's not only a form of artistic
expression but also a symbol of heritage and tradition in many communities across
India.

Batik
Batik is a traditional Indonesian art form that involves wax-resist dyeing on fabric.
Artisans use wax to create intricate patterns on the fabric, blocking out areas they want to remain undyed. Then, the fabric is dyed, and the areas covered in wax resist the dye, creating beautiful designs. This process can be repeated multiple times with different colors to achieve complex and vibrant patterns. Batik can be done on various fabrics,including cotton, silk, and even wool. It's not just a craft but also a significant cultural heritage in Indonesia, with various regions having their own unique styles and techniques.